It just got harder for immigrants: the U.S. naturalization test is about to change
U.S. legal permanent residents who apply for citizenship through naturalization on or after Dec. 1, 2020, will face a more challenging test — in which immigrants must prove they can read, write and speak basic English, and have essential knowledge of U.S. history and government.
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) announced Friday the implementation of a revised version of the citizenship civics test for naturalization applicants with a filing date (also known as a receipt date) of Dec. 1, 2020, and beyond.
The test will evaluate an immigrant’s knowledge of American history, government and civic values, said the immigration agency, which a year ago announced the creation of a working group to review and update the test questions.
“USCIS has diligently worked on revising the naturalization test since 2018, relying on input from experts in the field of adult education to ensure that this process is fair and transparent,” said USCIS Deputy Director for Policy Joseph Edlow in a news release.
The much-feared naturalization test is one of the key requirements for obtaining U.S. citizenship through naturalization. There’s the civics portion of the test — which encompasses questions and answers — and the language proficiency section.
Changes in the naturalization civics test for U.S. citizenship
According to a policy alert published Friday on USCIS’ Policy Manual titled “ Civics Educational Requirement for Purposes of Naturalization,” there are two main changes in the new test for U.S. citizenship.
▪ Increases the number of questions and answers to be studied: The exam approved by the authorities in 2008 — and until now in effect — includes the study of 100 questions and answers as part of the immigrant’s preparation to take the test The 2020 version of the civics test increases the general bank of civics test questions to 128.
▪ Doubles the number of questions to be answered during the interview: Until now, public officials who administer the exam during the final interview with USCIS, asked a total of 10 questions from the list of 100, and the applicant had to satisfactorily answer six of those 10 questions to pass.
Although the passing score will remain at 60%, on the revised test, USCIS officers will ask applicants 20 questions instead of 10, so the immigrant must satisfactorily answer 12 to pass.
Furthermore, in the previous test, if an immigrant answered six questions correctly before reaching the last one, this component of the exam ended. In the revised test, even if the person answers 12 questions correctly, the officer must continue to ask all 20.
There is one exception: USCIS’ policy alert clarifies that the agency will continue to administer 10 questions, with six correct answers needed, to immigrants who qualify for special consideration because they are age 65 or older and have been lawful permanent residents for at least 20 years.
New U.S. citizenship test draws immediate criticism
The new test also removes geography questions and alters prior ones, such as requiring applicants to name three branches of government instead of one.
It also changes the answer to a question on who U.S. senators represent from “all people of the state” to “citizens in their state,” which has drawn criticism over its accuracy.
Sarah Pierce, a policy analyst at the D.C.-based, nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute, told the Associated Press that the changes to the naturalization test would possibly triple the amount each USCIS officer spends testing applicants.
“These changes reduce the efficiency of this already struggling agency,” Pierce said, referring to its citizenship application backlog. “The administration is adding hundreds of thousands of more minutes to these naturalization exams.”
After reviewing the new questions, Doug Rand, an immigration expert and co-founder of Boundless Immigration, concluded that they are more complicated, while the current ones are rather more straightforward.
“The new civics test is unnecessary, unjustified, overly complex, & shamelessly ideological,” Rand wrote in Twitter. “This is an obvious attempt to throw one more obstacle in front of immigrants legally eligible for US citizenship”.
Surprise! The Trump admin just released a new civics test that all aspiring US citizens must pass if applying after Dec 1.
Quoth DHS: “offering a fair test…is of upmost [sic] importance to our agency.”
Let’s look at what’s changing…
- Doug Rand (@doug_rand) November 13, 2020
Study guide materials for USCIS interview and citizenship exam
The test items and study guides can be found on the Citizenship Resource Center on the USCIS website, said the Department of Homeland Security agency.
There, legal permanent residents have access to government-endorsed study materials that prepare them for both the civics and linguistics portions.
The English test will not change. English language proficiency is determined by the applicant’s ability to read, write, speak and understand English. To sufficiently demonstrate the ability, the person must correctly read one of three sentences and write one of three sentences.
The ability to speak English is determined by the USCIS officer conducting the interview.
“USCIS piloted the test with community-based organizations and volunteers across the country in summer 2020,” said the agency, which used the collected data to “make determinations about the language and grammatical structure of individual test items.”
Immigrants eligible for U.S. citizenship
Immigrants sometimes make mistakes when they submit naturalization petitions but don’t meet the requirements, which include the following:
An applicant must:
▪ Be at least 18 years old at the time of filing.
▪ Live in the United States as a permanent legal resident for five continuous years, or three if he or she got a green card through a U.S. citizen spouse.
▪ Show physical presence in the United States for at least 30 months during the last five years, or 18 months if married to an American citizen.
▪ Show good moral character. This means a clean criminal record for the previous five years, and not submitting false information as part of any immigration form or procedure. (A person with an aggravated felony is ineligible for naturalization.)
▪ Be able to read, write and speak basic English, and show knowledge of U.S. history and government.
▪ Be willing to support and defend the United States and the U.S. Constitution.
Daniel Shoer Roth is a journalist covering immigration law who does not offer legal advice or individual assistance to applicants. Follow him on Twitter @DanielShoerRoth Read this story in Spanish at el Nuevo Herald. The Associated Press contributed reporting. or Instagram.. The contents of this story do not constitute legal advice.
Originally published at https://www.miamiherald.com.
